Ngā pouhe wāhanga nui ēnei i roto i ngā pūnaha mīhini, hei pou tuara e tautoko ana i ngā wāhanga tuku katoa i te wā e tuku ana i te taipana me ngā nekehanga piko. Kaua te hoahoa o te toki e aro noa ki ōna āhuatanga takitahi engari me whakaaro hoki ki tōna whakaurunga ki te hanganga whānui o te pūnaha toki. I runga i te momo kawenga e pā ana ki te nekehanga me te tuku mana, ka taea te whakarōpū i ngā toki ki ngā porowhita, ngā toki taraiwa, me ngā toki hurihuri. Ka taea hoki te whakarōpū i runga i te āhua o ō rātou tuaka ki ngā toki tika, ngā toki rerekē, ngā toki porotaka, me ngā toki ngāwari.
Ngā Miro
1. Pouaka Whakapūmau
Ka taea e tēnei momo miro te piko noa i ngā wā piko, engari ka noho pūmau tonu. Nā tōna hanganga māmā me tōna pakari pai, he mea tino pai mō ngā mahi pēnei i ngā toki pahikara.
2. Te Hurihuri Hurihuri
He rerekē ki ngā porotaka pūmau, he piko anō hoki ngā porotaka hurihuri i a rātou e neke ana. He mea noa ēnei i roto i ngā toki wira tereina.
Pou taraiwa
He mea hanga ngā toki taraiwa hei tuku i te taipana, ā, he roa ake te nuinga nā te tere hurihuri teitei. Hei ārai i ngā wiri nui e puta mai ana i ngā kaha porotītaha, ka tohatohahia te papatipu o te toki taraiwa puta noa i tōna porowhita. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā toki taraiwa hou ngā hoahoa kōhao, e whakarato ana i ngā tere nui ake ki te whakaritea ki ngā toki totoka, kia haumaru ake ai, kia pai ake ai hoki te whakamahi rauemi. Hei tauira, ko ngā toki taraiwa motuka he mea hanga i ngā pereti maitai matotoru ōrite, ko ngā waka taumaha ia he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e rātou ngā paipa maitai kore hononga.
Poro Hurihuri
He ahurei ngā toki hurihuri nā te mea ka tu atu rātou i ngā aukume piko me ngā aukume torsional, koia tētahi o ngā wāhanga tino noa o ngā taputapu mīhini.
Pou Tika
He tuaka rārangi tō ngā toki tika, ā, ka taea te whakarōpū ki ngā toki whatu me ngā toki takahanga. Ko ngā toki tika he mea paru i te nuinga o te wā, engari ka taea te hanga kia pokaia kia whakaitihia te taumaha me te pupuri tonu i te pakari me te pumau o te takahuri.
1. Pou Whatu
He māmā te āhua, he ngāwari hoki te hanga, ko te whakamahinga matua o ēnei toki mō te tuku hiko.
2. Pou Whakatakotoria
Ko te toki he wāhanga roa he takahanga whakarara, e kiia ana ko te toki takahanga. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka māmā ake te tāutanga me te whakanoho i ngā wāhanga, ka pai ake te tohatoha kawenga. Ahakoa he rite tōna āhua ki te kurupae he rite te kaha, he maha ngā pūwāhi kukū ahotea. Nā ēnei āhuatanga, he whānui te whakamahinga o ngā toki takahanga i roto i ngā tono tuku maha.
3.Poro Kāmera
He wāhanga nui te camshaft i roto i ngā miihini piston. I roto i ngā miihini wha-whiu, ko te tikanga he haurua te tere o te camshaft e mahi ana i te tere o te crankshaft, engari he tere tonu te hurihanga, ā, me tu atu ki te taipana nui. Nō reira, ko te hoahoa o te camshaft e whakatakoto ana i ngā whakaritenga tino kaha mō tōna kaha me ōna āheinga tautoko.
He mea hanga ngā toki kame i te rino maka motuhake, ahakoa ko ētahi he mea hanga mai i ngā rauemi i hangaia kia roa ake ai te mau. He mea nui te hoahoa o te toki kame i roto i te hanganga whānui o te miihini.
4. Poro Whakapūmau
I tapaina ngā toki spline mō tō rātou āhua motuhake, me te ara kī roa i runga i tō rātou mata. Mā ēnei ara kī ka taea e ngā wāhanga hurihuri kua whakauruhia ki runga i te toki te pupuri i te hurihanga tukutahi. Haunga tēnei āheinga hurihuri, ka taea hoki e ngā toki spline te nekehanga tuaka, me ētahi hoahoa e whakauru ana i ngā tikanga raka pono mō ngā tono i roto i ngā pūnaha aukati me te urungi.
Ko tētahi atu momo ko te kakau karu, he mea tito mai i ngā ngongo o roto, o waho hoki. He niho o roto te ngongo o waho, he niho o waho ia te ngongo o roto, e āhei ai te hono pai i a rāua. Ehara i te mea ka tukuna noa e tēnei hoahoa te taipana hurihuri engari ka taea hoki te toro me te whakawhāiti i te roa, he mea tino pai mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā tikanga whakawhiti taputapu.
5. Pou Taputapu
Ina iti te tawhiti mai i te porowhita dedendum o te taputapu ki te raro o te ara kī, ka whakauruhia te taputapu me te pou ki roto i te wae kotahi, e mōhiotia ana ko te pou taputapu. Ka tautokohia e tēnei wāhanga miihini ngā wāhanga hurihuri, ā, ka mahi tahi me rātou ki te tuku nekehanga, taipana, piko rānei.
6. Te Pou Noke
I te nuinga o te wā, ka hangaia te rakau noke hei wāhanga kotahi e hono ana i te noke me te rakau.
7. Pokapū Kohao
Ko te toki i hangaia me te pokapū tuwhera ka mōhiotia ko te toki tuwhera. I te wa e tukuna ana te taipana, ko te paparanga o waho o te toki tuwhera ka pa ki te ahotea kutikuti teitei rawa atu, ka taea ai te whakamahi pai ake i nga rauemi. I raro i nga ahuatanga e rite ana te nekehanga piko o nga toki tuwhera me nga toki totoka, ka whakaitihia te taumaha e nga toki tuwhera me te kore e whakararu i te mahi.
Porowhita
He wāhanga nui te porowhita hurihuri i roto i te miihini, he mea hanga i te maitai hanganga waro, i te rino ngawari rānei. E rua ngā wāhanga matua: ko te porowhita matua me te porowhita tokotoko hono. Kei runga i te poraka miihini te porowhita matua, ko te porowhita tokotoko hono ia e hono ana ki te pito nui o te tokotoko hono. Ko te pito iti o te tokotoko hono e hono ana ki te piston i roto i te rango, e hanga ana i tētahi tikanga porowhita-reti matarohia.
Pou Tauhou
Ko te rakau porotaka he rakau kāore i te hāngai te tuaka ki tōna pokapū. Kāore i rite ki ngā rakau noa, e āwhina ana i te hurihanga o ngā wāhanga, ka taea e ngā rakau porotaka te tuku i te nekehanga me te hurihanga. Hei whakarite i te tawhiti pokapū i waenga i ngā rakau, ka whakamahia ngā rakau porotaka i roto i ngā tikanga hononga papatahi, pērā i ngā pūnaha taraiwa whitiki-V.
Pou Ngāwari
Ko te kaupapa matua o ngā toki ngāwari he tuku i te taipana me te nekehanga. Nā te iti o te pakari o te piko ki te whakataurite ki te pakari o te takahuri, ka taea e ngā toki ngāwari te whakatere i ngā arai maha, ka taea ai te tuku tawhiti i waenga i te mana matua me te mīhini e mahi ana.
Mā ēnei toki ka taea te whakawhiti nekehanga i waenga i ngā toki e rua he nekehanga ōrite, me te kore e hiahiatia he taputapu whakawhiti takawaenga tāpiri, he mea tino pai mō ngā tono tawhiti. Nā te hoahoa māmā me te utu iti i whai wāhi ai ki tō rātou rongonui i roto i ngā pūnaha miihini maha. Hei tāpiri, ka āwhina ngā toki ngāwari ki te mimiti i ngā ru me ngā wiri, ka whakarei ake i te mahi whānui.
Ko ētahi o ngā whakamahinga noa ko ngā taputapu hiko ringaringa, ētahi pūnaha tuku i roto i ngā taputapu mīhini, ngā ine ōwae, me ngā taputapu mana mamao.
1.Poro Ngāwari Momo-Mana
He hononga pumau kei te pito o te hononga ngohengohe o ngā toki ngāwari momo-mana, ā, he ringaringa reti kei roto i te hononga ngongo. Ko te mea nui o ēnei toki he tuku taipana. Ko te whakaritenga matua mō ngā toki ngāwari momo-mana he pakari hurihuri. I te nuinga o te wā, kei roto i ēnei toki ngā tikanga ārai-whakamuri hei whakarite i te tuku kotahi-ara. He waea maitai nui ake te diameter o te paparanga o waho, ā, kāore i roto i ētahi hoahoa he tokotoko matua, e whakarei ake ana i te ātete kakahu me te ngāwari.
2.Poro Ngāwari Momo-Mana
Ko ngā toki ngāwari momo-whakahaere he mea hanga tuatahi mō te tuku nekehanga. Ko te taipana e tukuna ana e rātou ka whakamahia hei whakakore i te taipana waku i puta i waenga i te toki ngāwari waea me te ngongo. Haunga te iti o te pakari piko, me nui hoki te pakari hurihuri o ēnei toki. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā toki ngāwari momo-mana, ko ngā toki ngāwari momo-whakahaere e tohuhia ana e ō rātou āhuatanga hanganga, tae atu ki te noho o te tokotoko matua, te maha o ngā paparanga takai, me te iti ake o te diameter waea.
Hanganga o te Pou Ngāwari
He maha ngā wāhanga o ngā toki ngāwari: te toki ngāwari waea, te hononga toki ngāwari, te ngongo me te hononga ngongo.
1.Poro Ngāwari Waea
He pou waea ngāwari, e mōhiotia ana ko te pou waea ngāwari, he mea hanga mai i ngā paparanga maha o te waea maitai e takai tahi ana, ka hanga he porowhita whakawhiti. Kei ia paparanga he maha ngā aho waea e takai tahi ana i te wā kotahi, ka hanga he hanganga e rite ana ki te puna maha-aho. Ko te paparanga waea o roto rawa e takai ana i te taha o te tokotoko matua, me ngā paparanga tata e takai ana i ngā taha rerekē. He mea whakamahi noa tēnei hoahoa i roto i ngā mīhini ahuwhenua.
2. Hononga Tūāpapa Ngāwari
Kua hangaia te hononga o te rakau ngāwari hei hono i te rakau whakaputa hiko ki ngā wāhanga mahi. E rua ngā momo hononga: he pūmau me he reti. Ko te momo pūmau e whakamahia ana mō ngā rakau ngāwari poto ake, i ngā tono rānei e noho pūmau ana te radius piko. He rerekē, ka whakamahia te momo reti ina rerekē te radius piko i te wā e whakamahia ana, e āhei ai te nekehanga nui ake i roto i te ngongo hei whakauru i ngā huringa roa i te piko o te ngongo.
3. Hononga Ngongo me te Ngongo
Ko te ngongo, e kiia ana hoki he taupoki tiaki, he mea tiaki i te taura waea ngāwari mai i te pa atu ki ngā wāhanga o waho, kia noho haumaru ai te kaiwhakahaere. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ia te penapena hinu whakahinuhinu me te ārai i te paru kei uru. I te wā e whakahaerehia ana, ka tautoko te ngongo, kia māmā ake ai te whakahaere i te rakau ngāwari. He mea nui, kāore te ngongo e hurihuri tahi me te rakau ngāwari i te wā e tukuna ana, kia maeneene ai, kia whai hua ai hoki te mahi.
He mea nui te mārama ki ngā momo me ngā mahi a ngā toki mō ngā kaihangarau me ngā kaihoahoa kia pai ai te mahi me te pono o ngā pūnaha mīhini. Mā te whiriwhiri i te momo toki e tika ana mō ngā tono motuhake, ka taea te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te roa o te mahi a ngā mīhini. Mō ētahi atu tirohanga ki ngā wāhanga mīhini me ā rātou tono, me tatari mai mō ā mātou whakahōutanga hou!
Wā tuku: Oketopa-15-2024
